Global rating agency – Fitch Ratings – has argued that the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) still lacks the foreign exchange to clear the backlog of demand, adding that the country’s high interest payment to revenue ratio weighs on its sovereign credit rating.
Nigeria – Africa’s largest economy – has thus far cleared just $2 billion of a backlog of some $7 billion in forex forwards revealed after President Bola Tinubu took office last year.
Tinubu took quick action on key fiscal reforms – including slashing petrol subsidies and loosening controls on the naira to narrow the gap between official and parallel rates.
But Director of Middle East and Africa sovereigns with Fitch, Gaimin Nonyane, said foreign exchange shortages in Nigeria would keep pressure on the Naira, where there is currently a 30% gap between the official and parallel rates.
“We think that the central bank is still very well short of the amount it needs to be able to clear the foreign exchange backlog and also meet the extremely large external financing by the private sectors,” Nonyane said in a webinar.
Nonyane said Fitch expected the domestic currency to end the year just above N900 against the dollar.
The official rate is currently at N846 to the dollar, but has wildly fluctuated, going past N1,299 this month, according to LSEG data.
She added there has been some backtracking in fuel subsidy elimination. Tinubu allowed prices to triple in May, but Naira pump prices have not moved since July despite global price fluctuations and significant Naira weakness.
Nonyane and Toby Iles, Fitch’s head of Middle East and Africa sovereigns, also warned that Nigeria’s ratio of interest payments to revenue at above 40% – four times the median for B-rated sovereigns – was a key weakness for its credit rating.
Fitch currently rates Nigeria at B- with a stable outlook.
Across Africa, Iles said interest-to-revenue ratios had more than doubled since 2014 due to increased borrowing coupled with global interest rate hikes that boosted costs.
“We expect that ratio to continue to rise given the pass through of rates,” Iles said of African sovereigns.
* Agency Report